Tuesday, September 27, 2022

Move: to Madison, WI (Day 2000)

 Hello friend, strangers, and bots!

September 27, 2022 is the 2000th day of living in the Madison area. In April 2017 I moved from Houston to Madison, and have blogged about the transition.

For Day 2000, instead of writing about Madison or Houston, I will present more personal topics. If you want to just read about travel and see some photos, then you can click here to skip to that part.

Let’s focus on good things that have happened, or lessons learned.

1) Gratitude Journaling.

Gratitude journaling has a surprisingly good effect on one’s life. For about a month I wrote daily:

  • Positive emotions (if any; described the emotions and their circumstances)
  • Negative emotions (if any; described the emotions and their circumstances)
  • Successes (if any)
  • Efforts (one at least tried something today, right?)
  • Changes (in oneself, others, or both)
  • Three things to be grateful for that day.

One challenge was finding three different things every day to be grateful for. Writing down “family, friends, and food” every day was not good enough. Finding three different things every day forced one to think about anything that one could be grateful for. And, wow. No matter how depressing the news, there was always something positive to appreciate.

2) Fun exercise is better than...exercise that you won’t do

In the summer and fall of 2020, I jogged five days a week. I made an exception when there was lightning. Despite this habit, it never became enjoyable. Jogging in warm, rainy weather was fun. Once. When temperatures fell enough to make the roads icy, I stopped jogging and never resumed it. What seemed like a temporary decision for became more permanent.

Three forms of exercise have been kept up as a habit:

  • Dancing
  • Skiing
  • Rowing (on a machine, indoors)

If you have not yet tried any of the Hustle, Rumba, Salsa, Line Samba, the Foxtrot, Cha-Cha, or Single Time Swing, then you are missing out. Each dance uses different leg muscles, and you realize which muscles you rarely use. That said, each dance requires good posture, and most require holding your arms such that you maintain a “frame”.

One of the most fascinating outcomes of learning to dance is that of becoming more observant of music. A great deal of Top 40 music can be danced with the Hustle or Cha-Cha. Slower-paced popular music might be danced with the Rumba. Music too fast for Hustle or Cha-Cha can be danced with Single Time Swing.

I’ve only danced Salsa to Salsa music, which requires listening to the piano, not the bass or the drums, to know when the first beat occurs. Likewise for Line Samba, only I just follow what the rest of the crowd is doing. Foxtrot is danced to music that you probably hear in 1940s movies, movies taking place in the 1940s, or heard at odd hours on Saturday afternoons on public/college/small independent radio stations.

As for skiing, unless you go to Dubai, you have to wait for winter. Based on prior winters, there are three recommended ski hills:

Tyrol Basin is the closest and smallest of the three. It is worth the 30 minute-or-so drive from the western part of Madison.

Granite Peak is in Wausau, about two hours north of Madison. It is larger than Tyrol, and has taller hills.

Spirit Mountain is in Duluth, Minnesota. It’s about 6 hours away by car, and worth the drive. The trails and scenery are the best of the three.

 

 
Spirit Mountain. 
The easier trail veers off to the left.

There are other ski hills relatively close to Madison of course, such as Cascade Mountain and Devil’s Head. Both are farther away than Tyrol, and neither take Indy Pass.

Indy Pass sells a ski pass that gets you two lift tickets per ski hill that is in the Indy Pass network. At current prices if you visit at least three different hills, and redeem two tickets per hill, then you’ve saved money using the ski pass.

I’ve used Indy Pass at Sundown Mountain in Dubuque, Iowa, and Pine Mountain in Iron Mountain, Michigan. Sundown Mountain is good if you live in Dubuque, and is the rough equivalent of Tyrol Basin.

Pine Mountain is a bigger than Granite Peak, but less complex than Spirit Mountain. Pine Mountain and Spirit Mountain are both about 6 hours away from Madison. Given a choice, I lean towards Spirit Mountain. If you lived closer to upper peninsular of Michigan than to Duluth, then your decision might be different.

As for rowing, a relatively cheap rowing machine can be a good introduction into an exercise that you can do indoors during thunderstorms or blizzards. It’s also easier on your knees, and uses your upper body. Starting with a cheap machine is advisable. If you enjoy rowing, then you will learn what you want in your next, more expensive rowing machine. If you do not enjoy rowing, then you can simply sell the machine (or give it away), and not lose very much money.

3) Food and Travel

In 2020 I made a mid-year resolution: to buy groceries only at Asian grocery stores for the month of July. It became quite the challenge to figure out breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Eventually, the diet became one of eggs or baozi for breakfast, and curry dishes for lunch and dinner. The main takeaways from that experience are that both curry bricks and buckwheat noodles are good.

Also, bread. One time during July I went to Pick-n-Save to buy something that was not food. The first thing I noticed was the smell of bread. Yummy, yummy bread.

Since 2020, I’ve traveled to Duluth, Chicago, Door County, Dubuque, Indianapolis, the lower peninsula of Michigan, and have taken Amtrak to San Antonio.

Blurbs of each city (and Amtrak) follow:

Duluth: recommended for Spirit Mountain, the Glensheen Mansion, and Split Rock Light House. Duluth is a trading city that has seen better days. It is as far northwest as you can go and still be in the “Rust Belt”. The freeway into town looks as if it was built in the 1960s.

 

 Glensheen Mansion. 
A bright, beautiful day.


 
View from the Top of the Stairs at Glensheen Manson. 
It was a bright day, which made finding the right balance between brightness and contrast difficult


 
In the Sun Room(?)
Even when light came in from two sides, getting the brightness and contrast right was difficult


Split Rock Light House

Chicago: if the Midwest had a capital, it would be Chicago. It is the transport hub of the region. Its food is excellent.

Family was shocked to discover that the nachos at Broken English Taco Pub on E Lake St were the best nachos we had ever had. The secret: do not use refried beans for the nachos. Use black or non-mushy Pinto beans. Refried beans makes the tortilla chips soggy.

The Field Museum is overwhelming and wonderful. People suggest that you need two whole days to visit it, and they are right. If you like such things as dinosaur skeletons and dioramas of animals in their respective habitats, then you know how can you spend two days in Chicago.

The Bean is simple and surprisingly attractive.


The Bean

Downtown Chicago is populated and prosperous. There is a significant amount of new construction. Middle-class people appeared to not merely work in or near downtown, but also to live right outside of it.

The architecture boat tour is highly recommended. Going by memory, the oldest buildings date to about 1900 (plus/minus 20 years). The tour ends with a short jaunt out into Lake Michigan to take in the skyline.

 
Detail on One of Chicago’s Many Beautiful Buildings


Chicago has buildings that follow or hug the river’s edge


 
Public Art


 
Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) is the tall building on the left


 
Downtown Chicago Apple Store

Door County: You’ve probably noticed on drawings or depictions of Wisconsin’s state boundaries that eastern Wisconsin has a peninsula. The peninsula juts out into Lake Michigan, and most of it is in Door County.

It is very touristy. Recommended places to visit are Rock Island, Newport State Park, and the Baileys Harbor Range Lights.

Rock Island is car-free, and hosts a light house and a boat house. The boat house features runic inscriptions, and a small museum. It’s better than you think.


 
Runes at the Fireplace in the Boat House on Rock Island

Newport State Park is a Dark Sky park. Perfect for watching meteor showers. Or, for looking in the wrong direction and seeing no meteors while hearing the crowd go “Ooooh!”

The Baileys Harbor Range Lights look like something out of the 1990s CD-ROM game Myst. The Range Lights are part of a larger park, that one walks through on a series of flat, simple wooden bridges. The effect is pleasant.

Dubuque: Situated on the Iowa side of the tri-state area (the other two being Wisconsin and Illinois), is Dubuque. At first glance, it is a town of red-brick buildings, with hills in the background. Most of the modern construction is on the other side the hills. The most surprising thing about Dubuque is its Italian food. It’s among the best I’ve had.

Indianapolis: Went to this city because a Van Gogh exhibit was occurring at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. The city is about as far north as you can get and still hear Southern accents. Its downtown Civil War monument commemorates the Union. Lots of motorcycles.

Lower Peninsula of Michigan: The fourth time I went to Michigan, it was to the lower peninsula. I still have not yet been to Detroit. The airport does not count. The lower peninsula consists of lots of freeways, some of which are new (or newly repaved). Most roads are bumpy. The most charming towns are Frankenmuth, Owosso, and Holland. In Frankenmuth, Bronner’s Christmas Wonderland is a large store that also includes a display of nativity scenes that were carved by artisans from around the world.

Many Michigan towns had left-turn lane signs that were boxes hung over the intersection. Along with at least one cop car that used a single rotating flashing light, the place felt like the 1960s.

The “1960s”, as an infrastructure era more so than a cultural moment, comes to mind especially in places that aren’t Madison or Chicago. Although, even in Madison, one drives to downtown much as one did before freeways.

During Christmas and New Year’s 2021/2022, I took Amtrak from Chicago to San Antonio and back again. The train route was the Texas Eagle. It cost more money and time than a flight, but was overall a more relaxing way to travel. Paying for a room includes three meals per day, plus the first alcoholic drink of the evening. You can also help yourself to coffee and bottled water. The food itself was okay.

If you take an overnight train, I recommend paying for a room, and bringing ear plugs. Since trains travel on the same ground as cars and trucks, you pass through hundreds of (a thousand?) railroad crossings. All night long: ...clang clang clang CLANG CLANG CLANG clang clang clang...clang clang clang CLANG CLANG CLANG clang clang clang…

The scheduling of the Chicago-San Antonio train is such than one sleeps through the Arkansas and Missouri Ozarks, and sees rural Texas and Illinois in the daytime. The train makes many stops between Chicago and San Antonio, serving rural communities in ways that airlines don’t. One may see Amish (or other Plain) folk onboard.


Rural Illinois From the Train


Rural Texas From the Train

Overall, taking the train is worth it if the train itself is a part of the trip, and you have a lot of time to allocate.

That’s the Day 2000 update folks.

 

Saturday, March 28, 2020

Learn: Japanese

The following post is an edited version of a speech that I gave at Capital City Toastmasters (Club 2953). As a result, it may sound chattier or cheerier than prior blog posts.

Konbanwa!

How many of you know what that means? No cheating!

"Good evening!"

In what language does konbanwa mean “good evening”?

Japanese.

I am learning to speak, read, and write Japanese. I am going to tell you about the research of learning a foreign language. I’m also going to tell you about the specific challenges of learning Japanese. Then, I will tell you about the tools that I am using to learn.

First, the research. According to the Foreign Services Institute, to learn Japanese would require 2200 class hours, or about 88 weeks. They claim that that is how much a student would need to reach a “Professional Working Proficiency.” That is twenty-five hours per week every week for more than a year and a half.

Imagine having a part time job where you learn Japanese. Sounds fun, doesn’t it?

Before I forget, the Foreign Service Institute is part of the State Department. So, they have some experience with training diplomats.

Since learning Japanese is a part-time job, how best to make use of that time?

Believe it or not, there is a book entitled Principles of Language Learning and Teaching by H. Douglas Brown. Brown wrote, “in the case of second language learning, it appears that contextualized, appropriate, meaningful communication in the second language seems to be the best possible practice the second language learner could engage in” (76).

In other words, learn the foreign language in a context that makes sense to you. Brown talks about how cognitive psychology research shows that “meaningful learning” is when new material relates to something you already know. The process is one of building or expanding.

So that is a big-picture approach to learning a foreign language. How about what that means in more practical terms? How best to schedule your learning?

An August 2016 article in the journal Psychological Science may provide some advice. The research team led by Stéphanie Mazza showed that practicing a foreign language right before you go to sleep, and reviewing the same material right after you wake up, is better than going through a lesson upon first waking, and then repeating it before going to sleep. In other words, learn, sleep, learn again is better than learn, go through your day, learn again, and then sleep.

So, you have a meaningful context, and a schedule. What about the language itself? What makes Japanese so difficult?

Consider that it has three writing systems. The first writing system you learn is hiragana. Hiragana is about as close as you get to an alphabet in Japanese. Hiragana is often used for children’s books, verb endings, and sentence particles. Remember konbanwa?

The image below shows what konbanwa looks like in hiragana.



As you can see, it resembles cursive. Each hiragana symbol represents a syllable. You can sound out unfamiliar words, much as you would in English.

Then, you learn katakana, which is often used for foreign words, or for emphasis. For example, in the image below, Madison is written in katakana.



Note that the di sound in Madison is written with two symbols. Computers or block writing will separate out the di sound. However, when you manually write out madison in katakana, the smaller of the two symbols is put a little bit under the larger one.

Finally, you learn the kanji. Kanji consists of thousands of characters that represent nouns, verb roots, adjectives, and so on.

An important kanji to learn is in the image below.

This kanji is pronounced nani (nah-nee) and means...what? Seriously. It means what.

That is all just the writing system! What is spoken Japanese like? We’ve all heard Japanese before, and may recognize that many sentences end in desu, desu ka, -masu, or -mashita. What is the pattern?

Without going into too much detail, what you are hearing are verbs, or their respective conjugations. Japanese sentences often end with the verb. Instead of saying, “I live in Madison,” you say, “
watashi wa madison-ni sundemasu.” Literally, that translates into “I, the subject of this sentence, Madison, object of this sentence that pertains to the time or place of the subject, live.”

Think about that for a moment. Imagine thinking of subjects and objects, and then the verbs that show relationships or action. Thing thing happen!

Given all the time you need to learn this complicated language, what tools might you use?

If you have a phone, you can download a program called Duolingo. It is free, supported by advertising, and offers Japanese, German, French, Latin, Welsh, Navajo, and so on. While it is a free way to get you started, the retention (in my experience) is only okay.

If you want to expand on Duolingo, I recommend Pimsleur. Pimsleur is an audio-based program. You can get the CDs from the library, or download the MP3s. You listen to a conversation, and then a coach will guide you through the dialogue. For the most part, it is call and response.

What next? You’re using the free app on your phone. Pimsleur is teaching you how to order beer. I suggest finding a meetup group where you can with native speakers. In fact, I go to a Japanese language meetup group at the University of Wisconsin.

It was there that they recommended a workbook - Japanese From Zero. This book shows you how to read and write hiragana. It also flat-out tells you the grammar rules.

With these four tools, the Japanese language took on a new depth. The Duolingo lessons began to remind me of words I had learned on Pimsleur. When I listen to the Pimsleur lessons, I can almost imagine how the words are spelled in hiragana. Speaking with native Japanese speakers, as well as other American learners, encourages the formation of new, original sentences, not memorized ones.

To summarize, learning Japanese will take well over a year, even if you devote several hours per week. The language is best acquired through meaningful context. Ideally, lessons occur right before bed, and are repeated upon waking.

Japanese has three writing systems, and a different word order than in English. This requires the learner to memorize thousands of symbols, and think about topics in a different sequence.

Fortunately, there are many tools to help you learn. Some of them are free. Others cost a little money, and some involve spending time talking with native speakers.

Domo arigato gozaimasu

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Decide: To Drive Your Own Car or Rent

It’s that time of year again. The road trip to wherever. What if you’re a mathematically-minded, budget-conscious person?

You’ve probably wondered if renting a car would be cheaper than driving your own. Wonder no more. The post below describes one approach.

I warn you though, it’s complicated. Ready? Keep reading:

First, look at how much a new version of your car would cost. Not the car or truck you want; your current vehicle. Let’s say a new version of your vehicle costs $30,000. If you wish to be more accurate (or more pessimistic), then figure out much you actually end paying. In my case, after paying the interest on the loan, the taxes, and the title fee, the final cost is often about 20% more than the listed sales prices. So, in this case, assume a total cost of $30,000 + (0.20*30,000) = $30,000 + $6,000 = $36,000 Second, look at how long cars like your last. Look up used car listings, and sort by “most miles”. You probably should exclude the extreme cases of someone driving a 1,000,000 miles by the time the vehicle is 10 years old. Once you start finding several models for sale that have 300,000 or 200,000-something miles, then you might guess that your vehicle may not last too much beyond that. Finding old vehicles with lots of miles is easy if you are looking for something like a Ford F-150 or Honda Accord. Both of these vehicle have decades of history behind them.

There is a counter-argument: There are many mechanical differences between a 20-year-old version of your vehicle and a new one. Looking at how many miles a 20-, 30-, or 40-year-old version may not apply to yours. If you have a lot of evidence for an alternative method, then use that to estimate how many miles your car will last.

What if you drive a vehicle that has no history behind it? No 20-year-old versions exist. In that case, look at analogs: similar-sized vehicles from the same manufacturer, similar technologies (hybrids, Hemis, or whatever) in different manufacturers. If all else fails, then you could ask yourself and your friends what’s most amount of miles they’ve ever seen in a car that they’ve driven themselves.

 However you find that number, let’s say that you find a couple of 25-year-old versions of your car for sale with 300,000 or so miles on them. With these two numbers ($36,000 for the cost of a new version of your vehicle, and 300,000 and the reasonable maximum that your vehicle can be driven), divide the cost by the miles. In this example, the math is $36,000 / 300,000 miles = $0.12 / mile.

Then, you have maintenance and repairs. This can be as complicated and detailed as you want. I would suggest including at least the oil changes (done every 3000 to 6000 miles), and the 15,000, 30,000, and 60,000 mile services. Your owner’s manual may have different service intervals. I recommend going up to 60,000 miles (or 5 or 6 years), but not much further, for two reasons:

1) To capture the expensive maintenance services. The recommend services to be done at 60,000 miles may cost well over $800 (as of 2019). That’s over 1 cent per mile.

2) Getting cost data for maintenance intervals beyond 60,000 miles or 5 years is tricky. Often, the maintenance recommendations have changed (or will change), compared to what is in your owner’s manual. Several years may pass before the first 100,000 or 120,000 mile interval, never mind the second 100,000 or 120,000 mile maintenance (at 200,000 and 240,000 miles respectively). Inflation will make the first 100,000 mile service look cheaper than the second time at 200,000 miles. That is, unless you are driving 30,000 miles per year.

Repairs are even more complicated. In my experience, they tend to vary between a linear and exponential increase over time. Not only that, but also they are almost random in their occurrence. It is hard to project a stable cost per mile. Repairs may cost anywhere from $500 to $10,000 per incident, and occur maybe once, twice, or four times in a year. Let’s say that after crunching numbers to your heart’s delight, you find that maintenance is about $0.06 per mile.

Did you include replacing the battery and the tires? These are “infrequent” repairs, but the cost of batteries and tires are easy to look up. Let’s say that batteries last about 5 years (or 60,000 miles) and tires last about 6 years (80,000 miles). A new battery may cost $120, and tires may cost $600. Doing the math here, that is ($120 / 60,000) + ($600 / 80,000) = $0.002 + $0.008 = $0.01 mile.

Finally, there’s gas. Gas prices fluctuate enough that you are better off waiting until your travel dates are firm before doing the math. With that in mind, let’s say that gasoline costs $2.10 per gallon, and that you get 30 miles per gallon on the highway. For the math, keep your units organized: ($2.10 / gallon) * (gallon / 30 miles) = $2.10 / 30 miles = $0.07 per mile. I’ve left off insurance and registration, since those become cheaper per mile (often) the more you drive. Whether you include them is up to you.

As of now, you have the following numbers:

Cost of vehicle (and interest and taxes) per mile = $0.12
Maintenance per mile = $0.06
Batteries and tires = $0.01
Gasoline = $0.07

The total for this example is $0.26 per mile.

If that seems cheap, it’s because I left out insurance and registration. I’ve also not included depreciation, because the mathematical model assumes that the car may be driven until it’s not longer drivable. Depreciation becomes a factor if you sell the car in a drivable condition. In that case, you estimate how much money you would get when selling the vehicle, and do the math: (Cost of purchase – sales price when you sell) / miles driven between your buying and your selling of the vehicle. By all means, if you can sell a vehicle for almost the same price that you bought it at, go for it.

Anyway, if you’re planning a 1000 mile road trip (500 miles there and 500 miles back), then the cost of driving that distance is $0.26 / miles * 1000 miles = $260.

Now, look up the cost of renting a car for that trip. Remember that most rental car companies charge by the day, not by the mile. Check to be certain. Let’s say that you found that you could rent a vehicle for $250, with unlimited miles. Does that mean that you would save money by renting?

Not necessarily. You still need to pay for gas on this 1000 mile trip. You thought this calculation was not complicated enough? You don’t really know what you’re going to get at the rental place, and the “free upgrade” may cost you at the pump.

Let’s say that you’re willing to accept a vehicle (like an SUV) that may only get 25 miles per gallon on the freeway In that case, you will need to buy (1000 miles * 1 gallon / 25 miles) = 40 gallons of gas for the trip. At $2.10 per gallon, that is $84 for the trip. Since you would spend $260 to drive a 1000 miles in your car, the rental car (or SUV) would have to cost no more than $260 - $84 (for the gas) = $176.

In summary, to know whether you should rent a vehicle vs drive your own, calculate the following costs:

Cost of vehicle (and interest and taxes) per mile = ______
Maintenance (oil changes, 15,000 mile services, etc) per mile = ______
Batteries and tires = _____
Gasoline (dollar per gallon times gallon per miles) = ____
Total cost per mile= ________
Driving distance = ________ miles
Total cost of trip = distance times cost per mile = ________

The cost of gasoline for driving the rental cal (dollar per gallon times gallon per miles times miles driven) = ______
The cost of the rental car = _______
Total cost of renting the car plus gas = _________

Renting a car is often better for long-distance trips over a short number of days. Essentially, you need to drive a certain amount of miles per day in order to make renting a car cheaper than driving your own. This applies to rental contracts with “unlimited miles.” If the car rental company charges for miles, then you need to find out how much that will cost for the entire trip.

I did not include the cost of insurance for the rental car, for the following reasons:

1) If you have collision and comprehensive insurance for your own car, then your insurance company may already cover the damage to a rental vehicle. Call your insurance company to be sure. If you don’t have collision and comprehensive, then consider getting a credit card that offers that insurance coverage as primary, not secondary. If you don’t have auto insurance at all, then you may have to buy the rental car company’s insurance, if only for the liability coverage. If you have car insurance, then call your insurance company to be sure that your liability coverage also applies to rental cars. If you have health insurance, then your health insurance company should* cover your medical costs.

*(Notwithstanding all the billing chaos that occurs with emergency medicine and out-of-network providers, etc).

Side note: Retaining collision and comprehensive may make sense if the yearly cost of the insurance (plus deductible) is less than 10% the value of your car. The idea is that if you’re in a car crash once every 10 years, then the cost of paying for your vehicle should be spread out over that 10 year period. Of course, if you’re crashing your car every five years, you are probably paying more for insurance anyway.

2) If you pay for the rental car with a credit card, then the credit card may offer collision and comprehensive insurance (but usually not liability or medical). Call to be sure. If they do offer it, then ask if it is primary (you can file with claim without going through your own auto insurance) or secondary (you need to first file a claim with your own auto insurance). If your credit card does not offer any coverage, then apply for a credit card that does have (primary) rental car coverage. The challenge there is that the credit cards that I know that offer any rental car coverage often charge an annual fee.

In summary of the insurance situation (in 2020, from my personal experience; I’m not a lawyer, insurance agent, etc. Always contact the relevant professionals for advice, etc.):

1) If you have collision and comprehensive insurance for your personal car, then call your insurance company to see if it covers rental cars. If they don't, then:

A) Find a credit card company that offers (primary, not secondary) collision and comprehensive coverage, or

B) Pay for that coverage at the rental car company.


2) If you have liability insurance for damages that you cause with your personal car, then call your insurance company to see if that applies to your driving a rental car. If they don’t, then:

A) Find an insurance company that will sell you liability insurance that would apply to you renting a car, or

B) Pay for that coverage at the rental car company.


3) If you have health insurance, then your health insurance company should* cover your medical costs.

*(Notwithstanding all the billing chaos that occurs with emergency medicine and out-of-network providers, etc).

Otherwise, you should do one or both of the following:

A) Get health insurance if you don’t already have it;

B) Find supplemental or travel insurance that covers accidents and hospital stays at your destination (and on the road).


That was a lot of information. Asking questions to your insurance and credit card companies is rarely fun. While renting a car can be cost advantageous (especially for long-distance small number-of-days trips), one accident can remove all the cost savings.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Eat: More Food

Blasphemy. Utter blasphemy! How dare there be a blog post with the words eat more food.

Clearly, we’ve never met. Medical professionals look at a skinny man, and his age, height, and weight, and scratch their heads. What is going on?

To re-assure them, you, and everyone else, I present the following meal plan. According to choosemyplate.gov, I should eat 2600 calories consisting of the following food groups and servings:

Fruit (2 cups)
Vegetables (3 ½ cups)
Grains (9 ounce equivalents)
Protein (6 ½ ounce equivalents)
Dairy (3 cups).

To create a menu based on the above required some thinking. I created a table showing meals and food. Which group the food belonged to is indicated by the first letter of each group name (e.g., F for Fruit, V for Vegetable, and so on).

Below is a first attempt:

Breakfast: One slice of toast (G) with peanut butter (P), apple (F), one cup of milk (D), half cup of oatmeal (G)

Snack #1: One cup Greek yogurt (D) with a half cup of granola (G)

Lunch: Leftover two ounces chicken/beef/turkey (2 P) with one cup rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (2 G) and one cup of broccoli/carrots or two cups of spinach (V)

Snack #2: Half an ounce of almonds (P), orange (F), 1 ½ ounces of natural cheese (D), one ounce of crackers (G)

Dinner: Two ounces chicken/beef/turkey (2 P) with one and a half cups rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (3 G) and two cups of broccoli/carrots or four cups of spinach (2 V).

So far, so good. One can skew big to get the extra half cup of vegetables and half ounce protein.

Below is another attempt:

Breakfast: One egg (P) with a cup of mushroom/onion/bell pepper (V), apple (F), one cup of milk (D), one slice of toast (G) with peanut butter (P)

Snack #1: One cup Greek yogurt (D) with half a cup of granola (G)

Lunch: Leftover two ounces chicken/beef/turkey (2 P) with one cup rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (2 G) and one cup of broccoli/carrots or two cups of spinach (V)

Snack #2: Half an ounce of Almonds (P), orange (F), 1 ½ ounces of natural cheese (D), one ounce of crackers (G)

Dinner: One ounce chicken/beef/turkey (P) with two cups of rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (4 G) and one cup of broccoli/carrots or two cups of spinach (V).

How about a little meat to go with your mountain of rice? Having one ounce of meat at dinner seems almost not worth the trouble. Imagine someone consuming a 12-ounce steak over the course of four days (three ounces per day; two at lunch and one for dinner). Let’s slice the 12-ounce steak into two 6-ounce servings, and call that the protein allocation for the day.

That menu is below:

Breakfast: One cup of milk (D), one slice of toast (G) with butter, one cup of oatmeal (2 G)

Snack #1: One cup Greek yogurt (D) with half a cup of granola (G)

Lunch: Leftover one and a half cups of rice/potato/beans/peas (3 G) and two cups of broccoli/carrots or four cups of spinach (2 V)

Snack #2: One orange (F), 1 ½ ounces of natural cheese (D), one ounce of crackers (G)

Dinner: Six ounces of chicken/beef/turkey (6 P) with a half cup of rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (G) and a cup of broccoli/carrots or two cups of spinach (V).

Let’s have spaghetti for dinner (and leftovers for lunch):

Breakfast: One cup of milk (D), one slice of toast (G) with butter, one cup of oatmeal (2 G)

Snack #1: One cup Greek yogurt (D) with half a cup of granola (G)

Lunch: Leftover three ounces of chicken/beef/turkey (3 P) with one cup of pasta (2 G) and one and a half cups of tomato (1.5 V)

Snack #2: One orange (F), 1 ½ ounces of natural cheese (D), one ounce of crackers (G)

Dinner: Three ounces of chicken/beef/turkey (3 P) with one cup of pasta (2 G) and one and a half cups of tomato (1.5 V).

How about a sandwich for lunch:

Breakfast: One cup of milk (D), one slice of toast (G) with butter, one cup of oatmeal (2 G)

Snack #1: One cup Greek yogurt (D) with half a cup of granola (G)

Lunch: Leftover three ounces of chicken/beef/turkey (3 P) with two slices of bread (2 G) and a cup of lettuce/tomato/onion (V)

Snack #2: One orange (F), 1 ½ ounces of natural cheese (D), one ounce of crackers (G)

Dinner: Three ounces of chicken/beef/turkey (3 P) with one cup of rice/potato/pasta/beans/peas (2 G) and two cups of broccoli/carrots or four cups of spinach (2 V).

None of the above menus took a great deal of time to create.

But, all the menus appear to have a lot of food. The challenge was figuring out how to achieve the grain allotments. I had to add oatmeal to most of the breakfasts in order to achieve 9 ounce-equivalents of grain. The vegetable allocations seem rather high, but that is to be expected for a "healthy" eating plan. There also seems to be a lot of dairy, and that is coming from someone who lives in Wisconsin. I don’t know about you, but having a slice of toast with one cup of oatmeal and milk on the side sounds rather filling. Then, two or three hours later having a cup of Greek yogurt and a half cup of granola?

Consider that I did select "30 to 60 minutes per day of moderate activity" as the physical activity level. If I had selected "Less than 30 minutes per day," the recommend calorie consumption would be 2400 calories, consisting of the following food groups and servings:

Fruit (2 cups)
Vegetables (3 cups)
Grains (8 ounce equivalents)
Protein (6 ½ ounce equivalents)
Dairy (3 cups).

See the difference? One half cup fewer vegetables, and one ounce equivalent less grain. The above menus don't really change. Maybe oatmeal is reduced or eliminated from the breakfasts.

Nonetheless, trying to eat that much food (even at the 2400 calorie level) seems like work. Maybe these plans assume that the individual is doing a fair amount of physical activity, even at the low end. Maybe people are really bad at knowing what they eat, and they underestimate how much grain and protein they consume. Granted, one should adjust the menus based on the results of the initial plan. There are also allergy and other restrictions that would force the use of soy milk, extra beans and nuts, and so on.

These plans are relatively easy if you're cooking for yourself, and are making relatively discrete meals (e.g., a meat dish, a vegetable dish). But, you'd have to break apart a pizza in your mind to determine how much would go to grain, dairy, etc. There's also common goods like cream of mushroom soup. There's a clear dairy component, but how much do the mushrooms count as vegetables? One can stare at ravioli or dumplings, and estimate how much is grain vs protein.

That raises the question: who actually follows these plans?

Wednesday, January 1, 2020

Move: to Madison, WI (Day 1000)

Part 1: Encounters

You're at a social event in Houston. The people there seem cool and friendly. The conversations are humorous, intellectual, and smooth. Then, one interesting stranger asks you, "So, where are you from?"

You answer, "Texas."

The stranger looks both persistent and puzzled. "No, really. Where are you from?"

"Texas. I've lived here most of my life."

"Huh."

"What?"

"You don't act...seem...talk like you're from here."

"Um, okay."

You're in the Legislature building in Edmonton, Alberta, for some reason. Standing in the rotunda, you look up and see a bunch of ferns or palms whose branches and leaves are draping over the balcony. Interested, you find the guest services people. The two people there say that the palms are about 83 or 84 years old, and that no one knows why they are there. You suggest that there should be a YouTube show, where politicians discuss matters of importance to the Province, with the palms in the background, like the YouTube show about two guys between two ferns. The guest services people love the idea. They encourage you to write to your "MLA."

MLA? Time to break the news: "I'm an American."

They keep smiling. "Write to them anyway!"

"Uh, so, um, I'm not sure that is a good idea--"

Almost in unison, they respond: "Anyone - anyone! - can write to their MLA! Welcome to Canada!"

They still haven't said what an "MLA" is. You suggest writing to the Canadian ambassador to the U.S.

These two would not stop. They say, again almost in unison, "You're an ambassador to Canada!"

You're speechless.

Walking outside the Legislature building, you notice two people struggling with a folding wheelchair. You ask if they need assistance. They agree. One takes your arm, and asks to be walked down the steps. Acting as her crutch, we walk down all 30-ish steps of the Legislature building. There were two landings, so it wasn't 30-ish straight down with no steps. When it was done, the two ask you if you live in Edmonton.

You're at a bar in Whitehorse, Yukon, because it seems like a good idea. After the bartender brings you a beer, he asks, "So, where you're from?"

 Sigh. "I'm from Texas."

"Huh. Never would have guessed."

"Oh?"

"Yeah. I thought you were from a suburb of Toronto."

You are in a bar in Amarillo, Texas, because going to bars is what you do now. The trend is becoming clear. A bar patron expresses interest in you, proceeds to show off their ignorance, insults your body language, and uses everything they've learned about you as fertilizer for beratement.

You are among friends and friendly strangers in Houston. The conversation turns to accents and "where are you from," so you pull out the "Comma Gets a Cure" passage from the International Dialects of English Association (IDEA). After you read it out loud, no one thinks that you're from Texas. One person guesses which part of the world "where you learned to speak English." He hedges his guess in terms of geography, but he's the only person that has correctly guessed "where you learned to speak English." You ask him how he knows. He says that it's in the vowels. "You have a rolling bass."

Part 2: So, you want to move to Houston

That's it. You've had it. No more ice and snow! You don't care about the Packers! The Midwest is so boring! These smug complacent losers can shove their cheese where the sun don't shine! Enough of Badger This and Badger That! Enough with all the beer, beer, more beer, and liquor sold at gas stations! Forget the fish fries! Hunting is a barbaric exercise practiced by the rural elitist gentry! From the de-industrialized wasteland of Milwaukee to the uber-progressive social justice nightmare of Madison, there is only one solution!

Move to Houston. I mean, duh. Why wouldn't you? *Beyonce plays in the background*

Houston is good in many regards (see the Day 500 blog post). The point of this write-up is to provide a constructive advisory about relocating from Madison to Houston. This post was written be someone who lived in Texas for most of his life, and most of that was in Houston. It is worth mentioning that I've met Wisconsinites in Houston, and most preferred living in Houston than in Wisconsin. But, I don't know which city or village they came from. Arguably, you are better off living in Houston than in a violent, de-industrialized town with few job prospects. At least in Houston you can find work easily, and feasibly arrange your life to mitigate most of the downsides of living in Houston. This post frames the argument from the perspective of "given competing job offers..."

Before you pack up the truck, there are certain things you need to know about Houston:

While most people are mostly friendly most of the time, Houston does not have as high a level of trust that Madison has. Crime is higher. There is more theft, and more fences and walls. You are more likely to hear people talking about "hating" their neighbors. If Chicago or New York City frighten you, then bear in mind that for a Houstonian, New York City and Chicago are merely "bigger."

The weather is hot and humid. Imagine the worst summer day in Madison. Now, make that day last about four months. The low temperature in the summer varies between 76 and 80 degrees. The low temperature. The winters average between the 40s and 60s, so mosquito season never really ends. Air conditioners largely cycle on-and-off for most of the year. This results in Houston being the kind of city were lots of events are held indoors. You can do things outside, but you'll be sweating in a few minutes. There's a 20% chance of rain every day. Over fifty inches of water fall from the sky per year.

The worst evenings are hurricane nights. That is, the weather before a hurricane hits. The air is stiller, more humid, and even warmer than usual. It's like an awful summer day, only at night. Then the hurricane shows up...

...and after the hurricane leaves it's like the Gulf of Mexico tried to annex your neighborhood. In 2008, Hurricane Ike knocked out power to much of the city for weeks. I had to temporarily live with a friend until the power was restored to my apartment. For some reason, the office buildings had power, so much of the office worker population resumed life as best they could. Which meant driving miles through stop-and-go traffic. The stop lights weren't working, so every intersection was a four-way stop. The food and fuel logistics were disrupted, so office workers faced a choice when driving home: buy food or gas, because the stores and stations would close early. One time, I arrived at an H-E-B a few minutes too late. Closed. The workers there said something that I thought I would never hear in these United States: "Sorry. We ran out of food."

The smell of refineries moves with the winds. Many of the refineries are in an adjacent city called Pasadena, which the locals often refer to as "Stinkadena." When the east wind blows, the smell reaches all the way to the Galleria, west of downtown. When the northwest wind blows, bringing cooler temperatures, the smell reaches the NASA/Clear Lake part of town. The smell of stagnant water in bayous, and of mold growing hither and on, meanders throughout the city. Even the wealthy areas have trouble avoiding the swampy smell.

The terrain comes in two flavors: flat and flatter. I'm not joking. Houston for the most part is quite flat, though as you approach Galveston the land somehow looks even flatter. There is nothing to look at this part of the world except buildings, billboards, freeways, and large pickup trucks. The flat terrain means that drainage is an ongoing project, with ever more land allocated for channeling or collecting or retaining excess water.

Galveston has what passes for charm and history in the region. It is a city on a barrier island, with a monument and placards that memorialize the Great Storm of 1900. The beach requires sand to be dredged up from the Houston Ship Channel. The water has the quality of an oil slick. New Jersey has nicer beaches.

Houston driving is more aggressive than Madison, and is more typical of that found in Phoenix, Denver, Washington, DC, and so on. In other words, Houston is a big city. A big, sprawling city. Unless you are so fortunate as to live close to your job, the "good" grocery store, and wherever your friends live, you will do a lot of driving. You can put 15,000 miles on your car every year with little effort. Ideally, you live as close to work as you can possibly afford, taking in mind proximity to refineries, airports, railroad crossings, freeways, and flood zones. The wealthy tend to live several miles away from refineries, usually due west or southwest of the city.

Maybe I've had bad luck, but workplaces in Houston tend to be awkward-at-best and hostile-at-worse. In a large enough company, you can find cool co-workers. But, for most of the employers I had while in Houston, the bosses were either (1) angry at everyone, and at one time violent, (2) liars and bad at business, (3) rude to their employees (one boss called me ugly to my face, and recommended that I seek the services of an image consultant), or (4) "part of the family." The cool co-workers tend to quit (and often leave the region, hint hint), leaving you behind with people who may or may not be related to company owners through blood, marriage, or alumni networks.

Life is more expensive than you would expect. For years, if not decades, boosters trumpeted the low cost of living here. While $40,000 can buy you a condo (with a monthly fee of at least $280), you're buying into a neighborhood where more than a third of families live below the poverty line. What if you want the Houston version of Madison's Edgewood College/Monroe St/Regent neighborhood? The Houston version is the Greater Heights/Shady Acres area, which costs about the same as the Edgewood College area. What if you want a suburban four-bedroom house built after 1980? Several cities and towns around Houston offer attractively-priced houses. A newish $300,000ish house in a Madison suburb will cost about $200,000ish in Houston suburb.

The advantage largely ends there. The property taxes are about the same as in Madison, and depend a lot on which school district you're in. I've not yet bought a place in Madison, so I cannot speak from personal experience. However, I did buy a place in Houston in the Clear Creek Independent School District (ISD). Taking into account Clear Creek ISD taxes (which are called out as a separate line item), my property tax rate was about 2.5% the value of the property. The sales tax in Houston is higher (8.25%) than in Madison.

But, wait. There's more. Insurance for both home and auto are far more expensive in Houston than Madison. For homes (and apartments), the major cost drivers are flood and windstorm. Traditional home insurance (also known as "fire insurance" or "hazard insurance") does not cover damage due to floods (rising water that comes in through the door) or windstorm (wind and hail damage). Getting "fire insurance" for a house near the coast is tricky in itself. By "near", agents have refused to quote me a policy because the property was within 30 miles of the coastline. On the one hand, I agreed that living within 30 miles of the Texas coastline was bad idea due to hurricane risks. But, my employer was about 1 or 2 miles from the coastline (depending on what exactly you call a "coastline"). The risk of a hurricane + the cost of insurance in that region was less than the risk of getting in a car crash while paying to drive 30 miles to work every day. See above about living as close to your job as you can possible afford and tolerate.

Ultimately, in 2016 the insurance costs for an owner-occupied 1980s townhouse in southeast Houston were about $600 for "fire insurance" + $750 for "yearly condo insurance" (which I think covered windstorm) + $250 for flood. Back when I was a renter, I paid about $200 per year for renter's insurance, which did not include flood. I didn't buy flood insurance because I reckoned that any storm that put a foot of water in the apartment would be so catastrophic that the apartment (and the employer's office building) would no longer exist. If the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association (TWIA) can be believed, the average yearly cost for windstorm insurance is $1600 per year.

If you move your vehicle from Madison to Houston, expect your car insurance to double. Fifty dollars per month is cheap. $100 is common. Why so expensive? See above about aggressive driving, long commutes, and high crime.

Oh yeah, and vehicle inspections are required, which take about an hour or two of your life every year. Inspection stations may offer to sell you windshield wipers, etc., in case they decide that your wipers, etc., need replacing. The cost of inspection + registration in Houston is about the same as registration + wheel tax in Madison.

Oh yeah, and lately most of the new freeway construction comes in the form of toll roads.

In my experience, any tax advantage to living in Houston vs Madison was heavily reduced by the increase in total insurance costs. When I attempted to calculate an "all costs" comparison between the two cities, Houston was cheaper than Madison. By $30 per month.

Stepping away from the economic analysis, there are other reasons why Houston and its surroundings can be so off-putting. When Houston is "at its best," it comes across as a humid, flat version of what I imagine Los Angeles to be. The skyline and suburbs are like a mini-Chicago. When Houston is "at its most Texan," it comes across as an exercise in aesthetics or an indulgent delusion. The big draw at the Houston rodeo isn't the animals or the buck-riding, it's the concerts. The rodeo is a music festival with horses on the side.

While almost no one will say that education and learning is a poor investment, you should see the high school football stadiums. The enthusiasm that parents have for the game is remarkable. The passion trickles down into middle school. I've driven past middle-school football players, soliciting donations from passing vehicles. Players would hold the football helmets upside down, to hold the money that generous drivers deposited.

Finally, in a city where wealth is flaunted in its own way, much of the place looks charmless, if not terrible. Light industry is scattered throughout the city. While productivity is essential for prosperity, there is a lot of sketchy development along major and minor thoroughfares. Mold and hurricanes prevent the development of patina. The "nice" parts of Houston can be named as follows: the Inner West Loop (including the Rice Univesity-area and River Oaks and all in between) the immediate Galleria-Post Oak area, the Woodlands, Kingwood, Clear Lake (except El Dorado blvd between Highway 3 and I-45), Friendswood (mostly), Pearland (the newer areas), Katy (mostly), Cinco Ranch, Cypress-Fair (mostly), Spring (much of it), southeast Pasadena, League City, Sugar Land (mostly), and pretty much any area that is not affordable.

While that seems like quite a long list, bear in mind that those communities exist within a region of nearly 6,000,000 people. Imagine there being 14 or so good suburbs or "parts of town" in the entire state of Wisconsin.

Yikes.

But, Houston is not the worst city in the United States. Far from it. It is worth repeating that Houston is good in many regards (see the Day 500 blog post and the next paragraph). Again, the point of this write-up is to provide a constructive advisory about relocating from Madison to Houston. Not to sound like a broken record, but this post was written by someone who lived in Texas for most of his life, and most of that was in Houston. It is worth reminding you that I've met Wisconsinites in Houston, and most preferred living in Houston than in Wisconsin. But, I still don't know which city or village they came from. Again, you are better off living in Houston than in a violent, de-industrialized town with few job prospects. At least in Houston you can find work easily, and feasibly arrange your life to mitigate most of the downsides of living in Houston. This post frames the argument from the perspective of "given competing job offers..."

So, why move to Houston? If you like large, sprawling cities with hot, humid weather, then Houston may be the city for you. If you are accepted to Rice University, then that is a compelling reason to come. If you want to work in oil and gas, and are willing to sit in an office or work in a refinery filled with alpha-bros, then Houston makes a lot dollars and sense. If you want to work at Johnson Space Center, particular in Mission Control or any of the science or materials research teams, then go for it. If you want to work in a particular field of medical research, such as artificial hearts or neurology, then the Texas Medical Center is the place to go. But, if you just want to be general practitioner (family doctor), work in corporate/big law, or be a dentist, then I'm not sure what Houston would offer you that a nice suburb of Chicago or Dallas wouldn't.

Part 3: So, you want to move to Madison

That's it. You've had it. No more hurricanes! You don't care about the Texans or the Cowboys! Texas is so full of itself! These pushy arrogant losers can shove their tacos where the sun don't shine! Enough of Lone Star This and Lone Star That! Enough with all the restrictions on when and where one can buy beer and liquor! Forget the rodeos! High School football is a barbaric exercise practiced by the shallow suburban upper- and middle-class! From the polluted swamps of Houston to holier-than-than-Houston Dallas to holier-than-everyone Austin to looking-for-tacos-where-the-sun-don't-shine San Antonio, there is only one solution!

Move to Madison. I mean, duh. Why wouldn't you? *Prince plays in the background.* Wait! Stop! He's from Minnesota! OK. How about the guy who sang about Lake Superior? The one and only Gordon Lightfoot! WHAT!? He's Canadian! Fine. Then the guy who had a couple of hits in the 1970s and 1980s: Steve Miller! Oh, he's from Milwaukee? Hmm. Then that leaves *Jump Around*

Madison is good in many regards (see the Day 500 blog post). The point of this write-up is to provide a constructive advisory about relocating from Houston to Madison. This post was written by someone who lived in Texas for most of his life, and then moved to Madison. I've lived here for over two years. It is worth mentioning that I've met Texans in Madison, and most don't seem to miss Texas. The people I've known who have left Wisconsin tend to go to Chicago, the Twin Cities, or the West Coast, not Texas. Nonetheless, you are better off living in Houston than in a violent, de-industrialized town with few job prospects. At least in Houston you can find work easily, and feasibly arrange your life to mitigate most of the downsides of living in Houston. This post frames the argument from the perspective of "given competing job offers..."

Before you load up the moving van and go to a Badgers game, keep the following in mind:

Madison, Wisconsin, the Midwest, and pretty much everything north of I-40 is cold by Houston standards. Imagine the coldest day you remember in Houston. Make it even colder, and have it last for three months. The average yearly low is in the mid-30s, and the high is in the mid-50s. The "average" Madison day is colder than a Houston winter.

As annoying as Houston summers can be, Midwestern winters can be deadly. Ice is fun for skating on, but not fun for driving on, or walking on, especially where it occurs in patches. The first snowfall of the season is accompanied by people re-learning how to drive in winter conditions, and there are lots of collisions. The slipperiness of the roads catches you off-guard. The only advice I have is to drive even slower than you would think is reasonable.

To reduce the formation of ice on roads, and thus reduce crashes, counties and cities sprinkle/pour/dump salt on the pavement. This is remarkably effective. It's also effective at causing your vehicle to rust. As soon as temps climb above 35F, you should drive to the nearest car wash, and pay the $1 extra to get the undercarriage wash. When shopping for a used car, it may be worth your while to buy one in a southern state and drive it north.

Unless you are so fortunate as to park your car in a garage/carport/barn, you will spend many winter mornings brushing the snow and scraping the ice off of your car. Once or twice a year, there may be a rather thick coat of ice on the vehicle, which is much harder to remove than you might think. A good idea is to start the car, turn on the defroster, and start brushing and scraping. Did I mention this happens in the morning, before you head to work? Maybe you've had coffee, maybe you've hadn't. Maybe you're already late for work, maybe not. No pressure.

The food scene here is only okay. Sure, if you live here, you will find the good breakfast place, the good Indian place, the good sushi place, and so forth. But, most food up here is not much to write about. It tastes fine, but is ultimately a forgettable experience. I can recommend some bars and taverns to visiters, but there is no real equivalent to Whataburger up here. What? What about Culver's you say? Fine. Go to Culver's...in Dodgeville, which is about an hour west from Madison. It's the only good Culver's I've been to. Chicago most likely has better restaurants than Madison, but that's quite a ways to drive just get something good to eat. Learn to cook.

The road system here is somewhat unforgiving to newcomers. Madison-area roads don't really follow a grid system away from downtown, and there are three or four lakes that get in the way. There are few legal U-turns. Most of the roads have fewer lanes than in Houston, and are surprisingly busy. Making legal U-turns usually involves a series of left turns at stop lights, or driving around a large suburban block. Madison hasn't grown quite like Houston, and lacks the Houston-style streets-with-a-median pattern that makes U-turns widely available. There are fewer master-planned communities. Sprawl has generally followed US highways and county roads, not I-39/90/94. The interstates largely bypass the city. Driving into downtown nowadays is probably much like driving there in 1950: you just drive on surface streets, and the buildings get taller and taller.

Madison is more progressive than most places, and has grown slowly compared to Houston, so urban design and infrastructure fads come and go faster than actual construction. Currently, there is little enthusiasm for new freeways. Instead, there is enthusiasm for traffic circles. At best, there is a selective increase in road capacities, making roads that are freeway-ish, but not actual freeways. Three- and four-story apartment buildings pop up even in smaller towns.

Speaking of small, if you have lived your whole life in cities at least the size of San Antonio or Milwaukee, then you are spoiled by something that people in places like Beaumont or Madison don't have: large airports. By "large," I mean "Southwest Airlines goes there" and "You can fly to Mexico and Canada from there." Currently, Dane County Regional Airport offers direct flights to Dallas, but not Houston. Even though Houston is a hub for United Airlines, they fly directly from Madison only to Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, Newark (New Jersey), San Francisco, and Washington, DC. Visit the MSN Airport's website for a current list. Southwest does not serve Madison, so the price floor is established by one of the other three airlines, with concurrent iffy quality. It's often a good idea to take a bus to Milwaukee and fly Southwest, especially if you can get a non-stop flight.

That's just the airport situation. Maybe you want to buy a new Audi. Where do you go? If you live in Madison, the nearest Audi dealership is in...Milwaukee. You want a selection of tailors? Milwaukee. Custom Fedoras? Milwaukee. Maybe one of your Houston bosses had a point about using an image consultant. The nearest one? Chicago.

There is a friendly-but-conventional vibe to Madison and the surrounding areas. Maybe it's the small cities and villages. Maybe it's the widely scattered population across the state. Whatever it is, there is a lingering sense that other, larger cities have more action and better stuff. Other cities are going somewhere.

Maybe that lingering sense is the realization that Madison has two types of people (speaking very broadly here): Transients and the settled. The transients consist largely of university students and Epic workers. Universities tend to have deadlines or end-state conditions: graduating with a degree. Based on what I've heard, Epic has a rather brutal travel and work schedule. The hours are long, but the pay is great. Maybe working 60-hour weeks is fine when you're 23. It's probably getting old by the time you're 26. Especially if you have trouble making time to date and start a family.

The settled consist largely of people born-and-raised in Madison, Wisconsin, or the Midwest in general. Most native-borns I've spoken to describe their grandparents as living (or had lived) in Wisconsin. Think about that for a moment. Wisconsin has a lot of fourth- or fifth-generation (or more) Americans. People up here also tend to be more introverted or reserved compared to Texans. Furthermore, individuals tend to favor people they grew up with. That may not seem unusual to you. The relatively insular social scene bothers not only people from big cities, but also people who moved to Madison from some other part of the Midwest. I've heard from other newcomers that everyone else tends to socialize only with the friends they made in high school. You often feel like the permanent guest star in someone else's soap opera. Present, with some influence, but nobody thinks of you as a major player in the one-and-only-plot-in-existence. I've met men in their 60s who moved to Madison in their 20s and describe the place from a distant perspective. Don't be surprised if most of your friends are immigrants...from some other Wisconsin city or village.

So, how to assimilate, and Win Friends and Influence People? One local resident advised, "Drink with others." Find a bar or tavern, and become a fixture. Go to card game or board game meetups. Learn which beers you like. Monitor the Packers, even passively. Drink brandy old-fashioneds, not the whiskey version. Learn to hunt. Drink Spotted Cow in public, and keep your secret shame of liking Bud Light to yourself. Join a volunteer organization; I recommend becoming an EMT.

Did I mention beer? All the beer? So much beer you wonder if the Wisconsin food pyramid has a special slot just for beer? Texans may brag about how much they like to drink, and all the other states (save Utah?) will roll their eyes. But, Wisconsin elevates drinking to a popular pathology. There are more bars than grocery stores. Villages might not have a grocery store that sells fresh tomatoes, but will have a liquor store, plus a gas station or two that sell liquor. Imaging walking into a gas station, and seeing a full display of Jameson Whiskey before you get to the chips.

Within two years, I knew of two people that I have never-or-very-rarely seen sober. These are people that I've seen in more than context; they are not random whinos or drug-addicts in the street. Don't take my word for it. Other people have described these individuals as "always drunk." I confess to having lived in a rather sober bubble in Houston, but in fifteen years I never encountered such an inebriated population as in Madison.

To make matters, um, different, the drunk-driving laws are less stringent than in Texas. You can look up and compared the laws yourself, but just to get you started, first-time drunk-driving offenders in Wisconsin do not get jail time (notwithstanding other convictions). Texas offenders do (supposedly). The fines are lower in Wisconsin, too.

Finally, the cell phone coverage stinks. I had AT&T (or Cingular, going way back to 1990s and 2000s), and dropped them in 2018. While service was acceptable in cities, it wasn't in the village where I'm a volunteer EMT, in areas where I look for wolves and deer, at Tyrol Basin, and so forth. People said that Verizon or US Cellular had better coverage in rural areas, though the coverage varied from valley to valley. US Cellular is slightly cheaper than Verizon, and allows for hotspotting at its highest data plan. So far, so good. Then you find out that US Cellular's network spans from Milwaukee to Madison to Iowa, and then there is spotty regional coverage all the way to Wichita Falls, Texas. It is the only cell phone company that still has "roaming" as a factor in its coverage. I've not had roaming since...2005?

That's why, my Texan family and friends, I cannot receive your group-texts until I get back to Wisconsin. But, aren't you glad that people can buy a box of Spotted Cow beer at the Milwaukee airport, and bring it onto the airplane? You're welcome.

Madison is good in many regards (see the Day 500 blog post). Again, the point of this write-up is to provide a constructive advisory about relocating from Houston to Madison. It is worth repeating that this post was written be someone who lived in Texas for most of his life, and then moved to Madison. I've lived here for over two years. It is worth mentioning again that I've met Texans in Madison, and most don't seem to miss Texas. The people I've known who have left Wisconsin tend to go to Chicago, the Twin Cities, or the West Coast. Nonetheless, you are better off living in Houston than in a violent, de-industrialized town with few job prospects. At least in Houston you can find work easily, and feasibly arrange your life to mitigate most of the downsides of living in Houston. This post frames the argument from the perspective of "given competing job offers..."

So, why move to Madison? If you want to live in a city big enough to have two Costcos (and not much bigger), and you want your winters to look like winters, then Madison is the city for you. If you've been accepted to the University of Wisconsin - Madison, then go. If Epic hired you, congratulations! If you want to work for a state government, and you're fortunate enough to get a position in Madison, then accept the offer. If you want to work in the medical devices industry, then Madison has more than one company to which you can apply. But, if you just want to be a general practitioner (family doctor), work in corporate/big law, or be a dentist, then I'm not sure what Madison would offer you that a nice suburb of Milwaukee or Chicago wouldn't.

Part 4: Enough

Texans are self-conscious about being Texan in a way that Midwesterners aren't about being Midwestern. That would be fine, even admirable, though one may wonder what Texan culture offers that other cultures don't. Someone from Oklahoma once said, "Texans make a lot of hay about being Texan, but they don't seem that different from Oklahomans." Pity the fool that doesn't play along.

I often felt that if I weren't "posing" or "posturing" as a confident, macho, self-absorbed dude, then people would see me as an emasculated skinny weakling. Masculinity has a relatively narrow definition in American culture, and in Texas it seems even narrower. In university, people were surprised how hard it was to beat me at arm-wrestling contests. I won only once, but every challenger had to struggle harder than expected to win. "You're stronger than you look."

And, in Houston, looks matter. Success is supposed to be visible or even ostentatious in the local manner. Big trucks parked at big houses sitting on big lots of land (or in an apartment complex). I looked at how much I was paying for insurance, gas, and maintenance for a 10-year-old Japanese sedan (being driven 15,000 miles per year) and wondered how so many other people could afford 3/4-ton pick-up trucks. I looked at how much it cost to keep a townhouse cool (and insured), and wondered how people could afford to keep a 3000 square-foot free-standing house cool (and insured).

If your research leads you to cultural beliefs and economic decisions different from your fellow Texans, then you will probably not be celebrated for your independent thinking. This is most likely true for humanity in general, but I can speak only to Houston in this regard. If you don't get onboard with oil and gas, trucks, big houses, high school football, the rodeo, being political (pick either of the two tribes for instant connections), and being either obese or muscular (naturally skinny people need not apply), then you may spend at least a decade trying to find and build a local social circle. It took me 15 years.

It's exhausting. When every other place (San Antonio, the Yukon, New Jersey) seems more charming than Houston, you begin to wonder what you're gaining from living there. Ultimately, the only reason I could fathom for living in there was for the job. A charitable or constructive perspective on feeling like an outsider is that you in a small way are contributing to the diversity of thought and character. You become resilient by waking up each day to make the right decisions and be a trustworthy person. You ignore the insults, the beratement, and the reckless drivers (to an extent). Then there comes a series of moments.

After driving to the Arctic Ocean and back, the first really bizarre and unwelcome social encounter is at a bar in Amarillo, Texas. While talking with a coworker about plans for the future, and he says that he's looking for work outside of Houston. You ask why he would do that. He responds, "There're too many other places to live." You're grumbling about your job and Houston to another coworker, and he asks, "Why do you live here?"

You explain that you're in Houston for the job. He replies, "That's it? Your job? You're in Houston for your job? Quit. Just quit. You can work anywhere."

"But, don't you think that being in a challenging, even unfriendly environment, builds resiliency?"

"Don't confuse resiliency for callous indifference."

Joel Garreau wrote about how you know you're in your Nation. After a long road trip from Houston to the Arctic and back again, returning to Texas overall and Houston in particular did not feel comforting or nice. There was too often a sense of being threatened, or being someplace unpleasant. The relaxing sensation of return, and looking forward to being home did not occur until 2017 when I was driving a moving truck across the Mississippi River into Wisconsin. In the dark and the rain, I saw a sign for Platteville. I let out a sigh, and smiled.

Whenever I fly back to Houston, I look out the window of the airplane. The houses, freeways, and industrial areas seem to speak of opportunity, despite the appearance of slumminess. Houston does not feel so much like "home," but instead "a familiar place." It feels quite strongly that I could have done so much there. The way career progress was understood was that of moving up, changing the rules, or finding a new niche. After spending eight years in aerospace, there appeared to be no up and no better alternatives. Instead, only stagnation and dead ends. When an opportunity presented itself, I made the move: to Madison.